abstract：:Cystic echinococcosis is still a major concern in South America. While some regions show advances in the control of the disease, others have among the highest incidence in the world. To reverse this situation the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has launched a regional project on cystic echinococcosis control a...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Morel N,Lassabe G,Elola S,Bondad M,Herrera S,Marí C,Last JA,Jensen O,Gonzalez-Sapienza G

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rift Valley fever (RVF), a mosquito-borne zoonosis, is a major public health and veterinary problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Surveillance to monitor mosquito populations during the inter-epidemic period (IEP) and viral activity in these vectors is critical to informing public health decisions for early warning and contr...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Tchouassi DP,Sang R,Sole CL,Bastos AD,Teal PE,Borgemeister C,Torto B

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Schistosomiasis remains a global public health challenge, with 93% of the ~237 million infections occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. Though rarely fatal, its recurring nature makes it a lifetime disorder with significant chronic health burdens. Much of its negative health impact is due to non-specific conditio...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Terer CC,Bustinduy AL,Magtanong RV,Muhoho N,Mungai PL,Muchiri EM,Kitron U,King CH,Mutuku FM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rift Valley fever (RVF) is endemic in most parts of Africa and has also been reported to occur in the Arabian Peninsula. It is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in livestock, but also in humans. During the last two decades several outbreaks of RVF have been reported in countries in Sout...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Fafetine J,Neves L,Thompson PN,Paweska JT,Rutten VP,Coetzer JA

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of Human African Trypanosomiasis relies mainly on the Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomiasis (CATT). While this test is successful, it is acknowledged that there may be room for improvement. Our aim was to develop a prototype lateral flow test based on the detection of antibodies to trypan...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Sullivan L,Wall SJ,Carrington M,Ferguson MA

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The yellow fever vaccines (YF-17D-204 and 17DD) are considered to be among the safest vaccines and the presence of neutralizing antibodies is correlated with protection, although other immune effector mechanisms are known to be involved. T-cell responses are known to play an important role modulating antibody producti...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： de Melo AB,Nascimento EJ,Braga-Neto U,Dhalia R,Silva AM,Oelke M,Schneck JP,Sidney J,Sette A,Montenegro SM,Marques ET

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the Brazilian Amazon, clinical and epidemiological frameworks of Chagas disease are very dissimilar in relation to the endemic classical areas of transmission, possibly due to genetic and biological characteristics of the circulating Trypanosoma cruzi stocks. Twenty six T. cruzi stocks from Western Amazon...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Monteiro WM,Margioto Teston AP,Gruendling AP,dos Reis D,Gomes ML,de Araújo SM,Bahia MT,Magalhães LK,de Oliveira Guerra JA,Silveira H,Toledo MJ,Vale Barbosa Md

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hookworm infections are an important cause of (severe) anemia and iron deficiency in children in the tropics. Type of hookworm species (Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus) and infection load are considered associated with disease burden, although these parameters are rarely assessed due to limitatio...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Jonker FA,Calis JC,Phiri K,Brienen EA,Khoffi H,Brabin BJ,Verweij JJ,van Hensbroek MB,van Lieshout L

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis and the pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori are well known for their high prevalences in human hosts worldwide. The prevalence of both organisms is known to peak in densely populated, low resource settings and children are infected early in life. Different Gia...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Ankarklev J,Hestvik E,Lebbad M,Lindh J,Kaddu-Mulindwa DH,Andersson JO,Tylleskär T,Tumwine JK,Svärd SG

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) as a supplementary tool to conventional prevention of cholera. Dukoral, a killed whole-cell two-dose OCV, was used in a mass vaccination campaign in 2009 in Zanzibar. Public and private costs of illness (COI) due to endemic cholera a...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Schaetti C,Weiss MG,Ali SM,Chaignat CL,Khatib AM,Reyburn R,Duintjer Tebbens RJ,Hutubessy R

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic arbovirosis for which the primary hosts are domestic livestock (cattle, sheep and goats). RVF was first described in South Africa in 1950-1951. Mechanisms for short and long distance transmission have been hypothesised, but there is little supporting evidence. Here we de...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Métras R,Porphyre T,Pfeiffer DU,Kemp A,Thompson PN,Collins LM,White RG

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The parasite Onchocerca volvulus has, until recently, been regarded as the cause of a chronic yet non-fatal condition. Recent analyses, however, have indicated that in addition to blindness, the parasite can also be directly associated with human mortality. Such analyses also suggested that the relationship ...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Walker M,Little MP,Wagner KS,Soumbey-Alley EW,Boatin BA,Basáñez MG

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Culex tritaeniorhynchus is the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a leading cause of encephalitis in Asia. JEV is transmitted in an enzootic cycle involving large wading birds as the reservoirs and swine as amplifying hosts. The development of a JEV vaccine reduced the number of JE cases in...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Miller RH,Masuoka P,Klein TA,Kim HC,Somer T,Grieco J

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Contacts of leprosy patients are at increased risk of developing leprosy and need to be targeted for early diagnosis. Seropositivity to the phenolic glycolipid I (PGL-I) antigen of Mycobacterium leprae has been used to identify contacts who have an increased risk of developing leprosy. In the present study, ...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Düppre NC,Camacho LA,Sales AM,Illarramendi X,Nery JA,Sampaio EP,Sarno EN,Bührer-Sékula S

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Mosquito-borne viral diseases cause significant burden in much of the developing world. Although host-virus interactions have been studied extensively in the vertebrate host, little is known about mosquito responses to viral infection. In contrast to mosquitoes of the Aedes and Culex genera, Anopheles gambia...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Waldock J,Olson KE,Christophides GK

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The factors contributing to chronic Chagas' heart disease remain unknown. High nitric oxide (NO) levels have been shown to be associated with cardiomyopathy severity in patients. Further, NO produced via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS2) is proposed to play a role in Trypanosoma cruzi control. Howe...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Carvalho CM,Silverio JC,da Silva AA,Pereira IR,Coelho JM,Britto CC,Moreira OC,Marchevsky RS,Xavier SS,Gazzinelli RT,da Glória Bonecini-Almeida M,Lannes-Vieira J

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with New World cutaneous leishmaniasis (NWCL) caused by Leishmania Viannia are treated with parenteral sodium stibogluconate (SbV) to reduce the risk of development of mucocutanous leishmaniasis. Our centre manages patients with NWCL on an outpatient-basis. This study was conducted to assess the saf...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Wise ES,Armstrong MS,Watson J,Lockwood DN

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The clinical syndrome associated with secondary syphilis (SS) reflects the propensity of Treponema pallidum (Tp) to escape immune recognition while simultaneously inducing inflammation. METHODS:To better understand the duality of immune evasion and immune recognition in human syphilis, herein we used a comb...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Cruz AR,Ramirez LG,Zuluaga AV,Pillay A,Abreu C,Valencia CA,La Vake C,Cervantes JL,Dunham-Ems S,Cartun R,Mavilio D,Radolf JD,Salazar JC

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection with filarial parasites is associated with T cell hyporesponsiveness, which is thought to be partly mediated by their ability to induce regulatory T cells (Tregs) during human infections. This study investigates the functional capacity of Tregs from different groups of filarial patients to suppress filaria-s...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Wammes LJ,Hamid F,Wiria AE,Wibowo H,Sartono E,Maizels RM,Smits HH,Supali T,Yazdanbakhsh M

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The cestode Echinococcus granulosus--the agent of cystic echinococcosis, a zoonosis affecting humans and domestic animals worldwide--is an excellent model for the study of host-parasite cross-talk that interfaces with two mammalian hosts. To develop the molecular analysis of these interactions, we carried ou...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Parkinson J,Wasmuth JD,Salinas G,Bizarro CV,Sanford C,Berriman M,Ferreira HB,Zaha A,Blaxter ML,Maizels RM,Fernández C

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While the incidence of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is decreasing, the control approach is shifting from active population screening by mobile teams to passive case detection in primary care centers. We conducted a systematic review of the literature between 1970 and 2011 to assess which diagnostic tools are mo...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Mitashi P,Hasker E,Lejon V,Kande V,Muyembe JJ,Lutumba P,Boelaert M

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:St. Louis encephalitis virus is a complex zoonoses. In 2005, 47 laboratory-confirmed and probable clinical cases of SLEV infection were reported in Córdoba, Argentina. Although the causes of 2005 outbreak remain unknown, they might be related not only to virological factors, but also to ecological and environmental co...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Díaz LA,Albrieu Llinás G,Vázquez A,Tenorio A,Contigiani MS

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Dengue is a growing problem both in its geographical spread and in its intensity, and yet current global distribution remains highly uncertain. Challenges in diagnosis and diagnostic methods as well as highly variable national health systems mean no single data source can reliably estimate the distribution o...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Brady OJ,Gething PW,Bhatt S,Messina JP,Brownstein JS,Hoen AG,Moyes CL,Farlow AW,Scott TW,Hay SI

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Noma is a gangrenous disease that leads to severe disfigurement of the face with high morbidity and mortality, but its etiology remains unknown. Young children in developing countries are almost exclusively affected. The purpose of the study was to record and compare bacterial diversity in oral samples from ...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Bolivar I,Whiteson K,Stadelmann B,Baratti-Mayer D,Gizard Y,Mombelli A,Pittet D,Schrenzel J,Geneva Study Group on Noma (GESNOMA).

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Our earlier genome-wide expression study revealed up-regulation of a tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), in patients with scrub typhus. This gene has been previously reported to have anti-microbial activity in a variety of infectious diseases; therefore, we aimed to prove whet...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Prachason T,Konhan K,Pongnarin P,Chatsiricharoenkul S,Suputtamongkol Y,Limwongse C

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:BALB/c mice are highly susceptible while C57BL/6 are relatively resistant to experimental Trypanosoma congolense infection. Although regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to regulate the pathogenesis of experimental T. congolense infection, their exact role remains controversial. We wished to determine ...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Okwor I,Onyilagha C,Kuriakose S,Mou Z,Jia P,Uzonna JE

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Dengue diagnosis is complex and until recently only specialized laboratories were able to definitively confirm dengue infection. Rapid tests are now available commercially making biological diagnosis possible in the field. The aim of this study was to evaluate a combined dengue rapid test for the detection o...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Andries AC,Duong V,Ngan C,Ong S,Huy R,Sroin KK,Te V,Y B,Try PL,Buchy P

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, is a vector of several arboviruses including dengue and chikungunya, and is also a significant nuisance mosquito. It is one of the most invasive of mosquitoes with a relentlessly increasing geographic distribution. Conventional control methods have so far failed to...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Labbé GM,Scaife S,Morgan SA,Curtis ZH,Alphey L

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The infectious form of many parasitic nematodes, which afflict over one billion people globally, is a developmentally arrested third-stage larva (L3i). The parasitic nematode Strongyloides stercoralis differs from other nematode species that infect humans, in that its life cycle includes both parasitic and free-living...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Stoltzfus JD,Minot S,Berriman M,Nolan TJ,Lok JB

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Schistosomiasis in one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases, affecting millions of people and animals in developing countries. Amongst the human-infective species S. haematobium is one of the most widespread causing urogenital schistosomiasis, a major human health problem across Africa, however in terms ...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Webster BL,Emery AM,Webster JP,Gouvras A,Garba A,Diaw O,Seye MM,Tchuente LA,Simoonga C,Mwanga J,Lange C,Kariuki C,Mohammed KA,Stothard JR,Rollinson D

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Until 2008, human rabies had never been reported in French Guiana. On 28 May 2008, the French National Reference Center for Rabies (Institut Pasteur, Paris) confirmed the rabies diagnosis, based on hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction on skin biopsy and saliva specimens from a Guianan, who had never travell...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Meynard JB,Flamand C,Dupuy C,Mahamat A,Eltges F,Queuche F,Renner J,Fontanella JM,Hommel D,Dussart P,Grangier C,Djossou F,Dacheux L,Goudal M,Berger F,Ardillon V,Krieger N,Bourhy H,Spiegel A

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The immune response in the skin of dogs infected with Leishmania infantum is poorly understood, and limited studies have described the immunopathological profile with regard to distinct levels of tissue parasitism and the clinical progression of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FIN...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Menezes-Souza D,Guerra-Sá R,Carneiro CM,Vitoriano-Souza J,Giunchetti RC,Teixeira-Carvalho A,Silveira-Lemos D,Oliveira GC,Corrêa-Oliveira R,Reis AB

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Phlebotomus tobbi is a vector of Leishmania infantum, and P. sergenti is a vector of Leishmania tropica. Le. infantum and Le. tropica typically cause visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis, respectively, but Le. infantum strains transmitted by P. tobbi can cause cutaneous disease. To better understand the compo...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Rohoušová I,Subrahmanyam S,Volfová V,Mu J,Volf P,Valenzuela JG,Jochim RC

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:After many years of neglect, schistosomiasis control is going to scale. The strategy of choice is preventive chemotherapy, that is the repeated large-scale administration of praziquantel (a safe and highly efficacious drug) to at-risk populations. The frequency of praziquantel administration is based on ende...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Schur N,Vounatsou P,Utzinger J

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug combinations for the treatment of leishmaniasis represent a promising and challenging chemotherapeutic strategy that has recently been implemented in different endemic areas. However, the vast majority of studies undertaken to date have ignored the potential risk that Leishmania parasites could develop resistance...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： García-Hernández R,Manzano JI,Castanys S,Gamarro F

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite several leprosy control measures in Nigeria, child proportion and disability grade 2 cases remain high while new cases have not significantly reduced, suggesting continuous spread of the disease. Hence, there is the need to review detection methods to enhance identification of early cases for effecti...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Ezenduka C,Post E,John S,Suraj A,Namadi A,Onwujekwe O

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Entamoeba histolytica, a microaerophilic enteric protozoan parasite, causes amebic colitis and extra intestinal abscesses in millions of inhabitants of endemic areas. Trophozoites of E. histolytica are exposed to a variety of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species during infection. Since E. histolytica lacks key compone...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Husain A,Sato D,Jeelani G,Soga T,Nozaki T

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:(•)NO is considered to be a key macrophage-derived cytotoxic effector during Trypanosoma cruzi infection. On the other hand, the microbicidal properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well recognized, but little importance has been attributed to them during in vivo infection with T. cruzi. In order to investigat...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Santiago HC,Gonzalez Lombana CZ,Macedo JP,Utsch L,Tafuri WL,Campagnole-Santos MJ,Alves RO,Alves-Filho JC,Romanha AJ,Cunha FQ,Teixeira MM,Radi R,Vieira LQ

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone (FQ) used for the treatment of leprosy. FQs are known to interact with both A and B subunits of DNA gyrase and inhibit supercoiling activity of this enzyme. Mutations conferring FQ resistance have been reported to be found only in the gene encoding A subunit of this enzyme (gyr...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Yokoyama K,Kim H,Mukai T,Matsuoka M,Nakajima C,Suzuki Y

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful and sustainable intervention against human helminthiases depends on optimal utilisation of available control measures and development of new tools and strategies, as well as an understanding of the evolutionary implications of prolonged intervention on parasite populations and those of their hosts and vecto...

journal_title：PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors： Lustigman S,Geldhof P,Grant WN,Osei-Atweneboana MY,Sripa B,Basáñez MG

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00